![]() Size-based predation by kookaburras (Dacelo novaeguineae) on lizards (Eulamprus tympanum: Scincidae): what determines prey vulnerability? Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 48:484-489. Ecological Applications 16:273-284.īlomberg, S. Assessment of prey vulnerability through analysis of wolf movements and kill sites. Movement patterns of mountain lions during different behaviors. Feeding habitat selection by hunting leopards Panthera pardus in a woodland savanna: prey catchability versus abundance. Puma activity patterns and temporal overlap with prey in a human-modified landscape at Southeastern Brazil. © 2020 by the Ecological Society of America.Īzevedo, F. Puma concolor Vicugna vicugna ambush predator encounter rate habitat selection hunting behavior predation risk prey vulnerability. These findings reinforce the importance of examining both the temporal and spatial patterns of the components of predation, rather than unidimensional measures of predator or prey behavior, to comprehensively describe the feedbacks between predator and prey in the predator-prey game. Our integrated spatiotemporal analysis revealed that an interaction between time of day and habitat influences kill probability, suggesting that trade-offs in the temporal and spatial components of predation drive the probability of predation events. When it comes to making a quick start, these fish have no equal. We found that for both temporal and spatial analyses, neither the prey-abundance hypothesis nor the prey-catchability hypothesis alone predicted kill frequency or distribution puma kill frequency was static throughout the diel cycle and pumas consistently selected a single habitat type when hunting, despite temporal and spatial variation in encounter rates and intrinsic catchability. Predators that ambush their victims by speeding from concealment often share a common body plan: large head, long, tapered body, and fins set Ambush predators have a large amount of white, anaerobic, fast-twitch muscle, just like human sprinters. Using a single-predator-single-prey (puma-vicuña) system, we evaluated which factors predict predation events across both temporal and spatial dimensions of the components of predation by testing the prey-abundance hypothesis (predators select for high encounter probability) and the prey-catchability hypothesis (predators select for high relative capture probability) in time and space. ![]() While the relative importance of encounter and capture probabilities have been evaluated in a spatial framework, temporal variation in prey behavior and intrinsic catchability are likely to also affect the distribution of predation events. Predation success is a function of the combined probabilities of encountering and capturing prey, which are influenced by both prey behavior and environmental features. ![]() Predator-prey games emerge when predators and prey dynamically respond to the behavior of one another, driving the outcomes of predator-prey interactions.
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